Onions are labeled as either long-day or short-day onions. Right. Onions are labeled as either long-day or short-day onions. Plant onion sets 4 to 5 inches apart in rows 12-18 inches apart and no more than one inch below the soil. Onion sets are immature bulbs that were grown the previous year, and by far the most popular choice for gardeners. Onion sets are small, dry immature onion bulbs grown the season before. If you are growing green onions, space bulbs so they almost touch one other. Richford holds a Bachelor of Science in secondary education from the University of Maine Orono and certifications in teaching 7-12 English, K-8 General Elementary and Birth to age 5. Your email address will not be published. Onion sets are small, immature onions, planted in spring or late summer. Watering to moisten the soil to a depth of 4 inches once a week provides sufficient water for onions. Every person who is not afraid to ask experienced gardeners for advice can find out how to plant onion sets correctly and what environmental conditions need to be created. Set aside a planting bed for growing from seed. This is largely the result of the locale in which they are grown--Vidalia, Georgia--an area without sulfur in the soil, which typically gives onions their pungent flavor and governs their acidity. Spacing. Planting onion sets is simplicity itself. Space them 3 to 4 inches apart and firm the soil down with your hands. Sprinkle fertilizer along the row 4 inches from the base of the plants and work into the soil with a garden hoe. A set about ¾ inch (2 cm) in diameter is ideal; it will quickly produce green onions when planted next season; if left in the ground until late summer, it will produce a good-size bulb. Larger ones may produce stiff necks and go to seed too quickly. Plant the base of the onion set in the soil with the pointed end above the surface of the soil, spaced 1 inch apart, if you are planting fresh green onions. Then space your rows 6 inches apart. Onion sets produce the earliest onionsâwell ahead of seed-started onions. This is because onion sets are easy to plant, quick to harvest, and not very susceptible to diseases. Plant sets two to four weeks before the average last-frost date; your countyâs cooperative extension service can tell you when this is. Amend the soil with the ingredients recommended by the testing kit, if necessary, to reach a pH level of 6.2 to 6.8. You can grow onions from seeds, from seed starts, from onion bunches or from sets. The extension office provides soil-testing services for a minimal fee. Planting onion sets in trays Onions need a long growing season to ripen into the large golden globe you are hoping for so it is worth starting them off early. You can start planting onions outdoors from sets/transplants as soon as the ground can be worked, or 3-4 weeks before your final frost. When you have your holes dug, youâll do just as you would if you had purchased âsetsâ of onions. The spacing of onions varies depending on how you initiate the growth process. This is because onion sets are easy to plant, quick to harvest, and not very susceptible to diseases. Dry soil at this time causes onions to develop a strong flavor. If you are using a permanent container or planting directly in a garden, space the sets at least four-inches apart. Growing onions from sets is far easier than raising them from seed. Plus, planting hardy varieties in autumn gives you a head start over spring-planted sets, as you can harvest the bulbs from June. Most gardeners plant onion sets, the second year small red onion bulbs, to hasten the maturation and harvest of the onions. Remove the tops then store the sets in a mesh bag in a cool, dry place until planting time next spring. The service includes a written summary of the condition of your soil and recommended amendments for balancing nutrients and pH of the soil. When it's time to plant, mix in some nitrogen fertilizer, and side dress every few weeks until bulbing begins. You can grow onions from seeds, from seed starts, from onion bunches or from sets. If your garden has heavy-textured soil, all you have to do is press the bulbs into the soil. Water well. Planting and Harvesting Red Onions. Onions are one of my pet crops, and bulb onions are always the first vegetable I start indoors from seed. Planted next season, sets just smaller than a nickel in diameter will develop into mature onions. Long or Short Season Onions. Nannette Richford is an avid gardener, teacher and nature enthusiast with more than four years' experience in online writing. 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